METAPHORS IN THE “ESPRESSO” SONG BY SABRINA CARPENTER

Abstract

This study aims to examine and identify the types of metaphors found in the lyrics of the song "Espresso" performed by Sabrina Carpenter. The song was selected as the primary data source due to its rich use of metaphorical expressions that convey a strong, confident, and captivating persona. Through these metaphors, the lyrics creatively express complex emotions and personal identity, making it a compelling subject for analysis. A descriptive qualitative method was employed in conducting this research. Data were collected using listening and documentation techniques, focusing on identifying figurative language within the song. The analysis was guided by the conceptual metaphor theory proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), which classifies metaphors into three main categories: structural, orientational, and ontological. The findings of this study reveal the presence of eight metaphorical expressions within the lyrics. Specifically, there are three structural metaphors, two orientational metaphors, and three ontological metaphors. Each type of metaphor plays a distinct role in shaping the tone and meaning of the song. Structural metaphors help construct abstract ideas through more familiar concepts, orientational metaphors frame emotions through spatial orientation, and ontological metaphors present abstract experiences as concrete entities. These findings suggest that metaphors in song lyrics not only serve as stylistic devices but also enhance the overall semantic depth and emotional resonance of the song. By utilizing metaphorical language, the songwriter effectively communicates themes of self-assurance, desire, and individuality, thereby enriching the listener’s interpretive experience.

Keywords: metaphor, semantics, song lyrics, Espresso, Sabrina Carpenter.