INTEGRASI FIQIH DAN KEUANGAN DIGITAL: TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA FINTECH SYARIAH

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi keuangan digital (fintech) menghadirkan tantangan sekaligus peluang besar dalam integrasi antara fiqih dan sistem keuangan modern, khususnya dalam konteks keuangan syariah. Fintech syariah menjadi inovasi yang menjanjikan untuk memperluas akses keuangan, meningkatkan inklusi keuangan umat, dan memperkuat ekonomi umat Islam dengan tetap berlandaskan pada prinsip-prinsip syariah seperti keadilan, transparansi, dan larangan riba. Namun, integrasi ini tidak terlepas dari tantangan, di antaranya adalah keterbatasan regulasi yang spesifik terhadap fintech syariah, kurangnya pemahaman fiqih kontemporer di kalangan pelaku industri, serta perlunya fatwa-fatwa baru yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi. Di sisi lain, peluang yang dapat dioptimalkan meliputi pengembangan produk keuangan syariah digital seperti crowdfunding syariah, peer-to-peer lending halal, hingga smart contract berbasis akad-akad fiqih. Artikel ini membahas secara mendalam dinamika hubungan antara fiqih dan teknologi finansial, sekaligus menawarkan pendekatan-pendekatan strategis untuk membangun ekosistem fintech syariah yang inovatif dan sesuai syariah. Dengan sinergi antara ulama, regulator, dan pelaku industri, integrasi fiqih dan keuangan digital diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi berkelanjutan dalam menghadapi era ekonomi digital global yang terus berkembang.

The development of digital financial technology (fintech) presents both challenges and great opportunities in the integration between fiqh and the modern financial system, especially in the context of Islamic finance. Islamic fintech is a promising innovation to expand financial access, increase people's financial inclusion, and strengthen the Muslim economy while still being based on sharia principles such as fairness, transparency, and the prohibition of usury. However, this integration is not free from challenges, including limited regulations specific to Islamic fintech, lack of understanding of contemporary fiqh among industry players, and the need for new fatwas that are adaptive to technological developments. On the other hand, opportunities that can be optimized include the development of digital Islamic financial products such as Islamic crowdfunding, halal peer-to-peer lending, and smart contracts based on fiqh contracts. This article discusses in depth the dynamics of the relationship between fiqh and financial technology, while offering strategic approaches to build an innovative and sharia-compliant Islamic fintech ecosystem. With the synergy between scholars, regulators, and industry players, the integration of fiqh and digital finance is expected to be a sustainable solution in facing the evolving era of the global digital economy.