THE IMPACT OF RIVER POLLUTION ON THE LEVEL OF HEALTH OF RIVER BASIN COMMUNITIES IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

River pollution in the watershed area is a crucial issue that has a direct impact on public health. This study aims to analyze the relationship between river water pollution and the level of public health around the watershed. Case studies were conducted on Karang Mumus River in Samarinda and Cukir River in Jombang. The results showed that domestic and industrial waste caused a decline in water quality, characterized by high levels of Coliform bacteria, E. coli, and other harmful substances. As a result, the community experiences various diseases such as diarrhea, skin irritation, indigestion, and ISPA. Low environmental awareness and minimal sanitation facilities exacerbate the health impacts. This study emphasizes the importance of integrated watershed management through water quality monitoring, waste control, and community education and active participation to reduce the risk of disease due to river pollution.

Keywords: public health, river pollution, watershed.