PEMULIHAN KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN INDONESIA

Abstract

Human trafficking is a form of transnational crime that has profound impacts on its victims—physically, psychologically, and socially. Victims are often subjected to sexual exploitation, forced labor, deprivation of liberty, and long-term trauma. In the Indonesian context, the complexity of this crime is compounded by weak early detection mechanisms, limited protection at the village and community levels, and insufficient resources for victim support and recovery. While the Indonesian criminal justice system has undergone various reforms to provide protection and recovery for victims, the implementation of these mechanisms continues to face numerous challenges. These include overlapping institutional authorities, lack of interagency coordination, and limited understanding of victim-centered approaches among law enforcement officers.

This article aims to examine the recovery mechanisms for victims of human trafficking within Indonesia’s criminal justice system by analyzing substantive criminal law, procedural mechanisms, and institutional policies. A normative juridical approach is employed in this study through the analysis of relevant legislation, jurisprudence, academic sources, and policy documents. The findings reveal that despite legislative efforts such as Law No. 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Human Trafficking, as well as supporting instruments such as Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 1 of 2022 and programs run by the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), numerous obstacles remain—particularly in areas of restitution, rehabilitation, and social reintegration.

Therefore, a multisectoral and integrated approach involving government agencies, law enforcement, civil society organizations, and communities is essential in building an effective and sustainable system of victim protection and recovery.