BLACK SEA GRAIN INITIATIVE SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN STABILITAS GLOBAL: KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN GEOPOLITIK PASCA INVASI RUSIA
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Abstract
Krisis pangan global yang dipicu oleh invasi Rusia ke Ukraina menegaskan pentingnya diplomasi multilateral dalam menjaga stabilitas pasokan pangan dunia. Artikel ini mengkaji peran strategis Black Sea Grain Initiative (BSGI) sebagai respons kolektif terhadap disrupsi logistik dan ketidakpastian pasar pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kontribusi BSGI terhadap ketahanan pangan global serta tantangan geopolitik yang memengaruhi efektivitas dan keberlanjutannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, memanfaatkan data sekunder dari dokumen resmi, laporan internasional, dan publikasi akademik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa BSGI berhasil menstabilkan harga pangan global dalam jangka pendek dan mendukung distribusi biji-bijian ke negara berkembang. Namun, efektivitasnya terbatas oleh ketergantungan pada jalur logistik tunggal dan kerentanan terhadap dinamika politik. Studi ini menekankan perlunya reformasi tata kelola pangan global melalui diversifikasi rute distribusi dan kerangka hukum internasional yang lebih tangguh. Implikasi hasil ini memperkuat pentingnya pendekatan keamanan non-tradisional dan kerja sama internasional dalam mencegah krisis pangan di masa depan.
The global food crisis triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine underscores the critical role of multilateral diplomacy in ensuring food supply stability. This article examines the strategic function of the Black Sea Grain Initiative (BSGI) as a collective response to logistical disruptions and food market uncertainty. The primary objective is to assess BSGI’s contribution to global food security and analyze the geopolitical challenges affecting its effectiveness and continuity. A qualitative case study approach was employed, drawing on secondary data from official documents, international reports, and academic publications.
Findings reveal that BSGI contributed to short-term food price stabilization and enabled grain distribution to developing countries. However, its impact is constrained by reliance on a narrow logistics corridor and exposure to political instability. The study highlights the need for reforming global food governance through diversified supply routes and stronger international legal frameworks. The implications reinforce the importance of non-traditional security perspectives and international cooperation in preventing future food crises.
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