JAMINAN SOSIAL BAGI PEKERJA DI SEKTOR INFORMAL SEBAGAI WUJUD PELAKSANAAN SILA KE LIMA UUD 1945 DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai perlindungan jaminan sosial bagi pekerja sektor informal dalam menghadapi guncangan ekonomi serta menjelaskan mekanisme penyelenggaraan program jaminan sosial tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan jaminan sosial diselenggarakan melalui BPJS Ketenagakerjaan berdasarkan sistem asuransi sosial sesuai dengan amanat UU No. 40 Tahun 2004 dan UU No. 24 Tahun 2011. Pemerintah memberikan stimulus ekonomi, relaksasi iuran, serta bantuan sosial kepada pekerja informal terdampak krisis. Mekanisme kepesertaan dilaksanakan secara mandiri atau melalui skema bukan penerima upah. Program wajib bagi pekerja informal meliputi JKK dan JKM, sedangkan JHT bersifat opsional. Studi ini merekomendasikan pentingnya perluasan cakupan dan sosialisasi aktif dari pemerintah untuk menjamin keadilan sosial sesuai amanat Sila Kelima Pancasila

Kata Kunci: Jaminan Sosial Pekerja, Sektor Informal, BPJS, Keadilan Sosial, Perlindungan Pekerja

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of social security protection for informal sector workers in Indonesia as a manifestation of the fifth principle of Pancasila, which emphasizes social justice for all Indonesians. The research adopts a normative legal approach, focusing on the legal basis and mechanisms of social protection for informal workers, particularly under Law No. 40 of 2004 on the National Social Security System and Law No. 24 of 2011 concerning BPJS. Findings indicate that while the government has provided access to employment social security programs through BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, many informal workers remain unregistered due to economic instability, limited awareness, and weak institutional outreach. Government initiatives such as contribution relaxations, direct social assistance, and registration facilitation during economic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic serve as temporary reliefs. However, long-term social protection for informal workers requires more inclusive policy frameworks, sustained education efforts, and institutional reforms to ensure that no group is excluded from social security guarantees. Strengthening these efforts is essential to realize constitutional mandates and uphold social justice in the informal labor sector.

Key Words: Social Security, Informal Sector, BPJS, Social Justice, Employment Protection