ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN RISIKO MERGER FINTECH LENDING, LEASING, DAN BANK KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Mergers and collaborations among fintech lending, leasing, and conventional banking institutions have accelerated rapidly in Indonesia. These initiatives aim to strengthen capital structures, expand digital reach, and manage complex credit risks in the digital finance era. This study analyzes financial performance before and after mergers, focusing on entities such as Akulaku–Bank Neo Commerce, Kredivo–Bank Sahabat Sampoerna, Home Credit–Danamon–Adira, Maucash–FIFGroup, and Bank Nobu-SRC. Data were collected from annual financial statements, OJK publications, and limited interviews with industry practitioners for the period 2022–2025. Using a quantitative approach, the study measures key financial ratios including CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), NPL (Non-Performing Loan), ROA (Return on Assets), and LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio) over three years pre-merger and two years post-merger. The results indicate increased efficiency, market penetration, and profitability; however, they also reveal rising credit risks. The study concludes that fintech–leasing–bank mergers are not merely growth strategies but also mechanisms to obscure systemic risks behind digital banking imagery.