Analisis Keamanan Siber dalam Infrastruktur Kritis: Studi Kasus Serangan Ransomware terhadap Sektor Energi Meksiko Sebagai Pembelajaran Bagi Pertahanan Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the 2019 ransomware attack on Mexico’s state-owned oil company, Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex), as a case study to identify vulnerabilities in critical energy infrastructure and draw strategic insights for Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach and literature analysis, it explores the causes, impacts, and response strategies of the attack, highlighting key issues such as outdated IT systems and weak incident response planning. Findings reveal that ransomware poses broad threats to public safety, economic stability, and national security. The Pemex case underscores the urgent need for strengthened cybersecurity in Indonesia’s increasingly digital energy sector. Recommendations include investing in modern IT infrastructure, enhancing employee awareness, implementing network segmentation, and promoting public-private collaboration to bolster resilience against cyber threats and ensure energy infrastructure stability.