GOOD GOVERNANCE DAN PEREKONOMIAN NEGARA BERKEMBANG: STUDI KASUS FILIPINA
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Abstract
Good governance is an important foundation for sustainable economic development, as it promotes bureaucratic efficiency, institutional stability and investor confidence. Countries with good governance tend to create an environment conducive to private sector growth and long-term development. This study analyzes the effect of good governance, government spending, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on economic growth in the Philippines over the period 1996-2023. Using the time series regression method, the results show that government effectiveness, rule of law, and corruption control have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. In contrast, political stability has a significantly negative impact. Other indicators such as public participation, regulatory quality, FDI, and government spending do not show a significant effect. These findings emphasize the importance of governance reform as a key strategy in supporting inclusive and sustainable economic growth in the Philippines.
Good governance merupakan fondasi penting bagi pembangunan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan, karena mendorong efisiensi birokrasi, stabilitas institusional, dan kepercayaan investor. Negara dengan tata kelola yang baik cenderung menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusif bagi pertumbuhan sektor swasta dan pembangunan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh good governance, pengeluaran pemerintah, dan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Filipina selama periode 1996–2023. Menggunakan metode regresi time series, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas pemerintah, aturan hukum, dan pengendalian korupsi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sebaliknya, stabilitas politik berdampak negatif secara signifikan. Indikator lainnya seperti partisipasi publik, kualitas regulasi, FDI, dan belanja pemerintah tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya reformasi tata kelola pemerintahan sebagai strategi utama dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan di Filipina.
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