ANALISIS HAMBATAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS 1 SD ISLAM BUDI MULIA PADANG SERTA UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGATASINYA

Abstract

This study aims to describe the forms of initial reading difficulties experienced by first-grade students at SD Budi Islam Mulia Padang, identify the underlying causal factors, and analyze the strategies employed by teachers to overcome these obstacles. The background of this research is based on the fundamental importance of reading skills as the foundation for knowledge acquisition, yet in practice, many early grade students still struggle with basic reading, such as recognizing and distinguishing letters, combining letters into syllables, and reading words with affixes. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method, with first-grade teachers as key informants and students as sources of learning outcome data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation of students’ reading achievements, then analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that initial reading difficulties include the inability to recognize letters, distinguish similar letter shapes, read complex word structures, and read words with affixes. The causal factors are both internal, such as lack of concentration and motivation, and external, such as minimal parental guidance and low reading interest in the home environment. The efforts made by teachers include gradual learning, the use of reading books, regular practice, and collaboration with parents. This study recommends strengthening parental involvement and innovating learning media to improve students’ initial reading abilities and support basic literacy development in primary schools.