ANCAMAN TERORISME PASCA-TALIBAN BERKUASA: IMPLIKASI BAGI KEAMANAN KAWASAN ASIA SELATAN DAN ASIA TENGGARA

Abstract

Taliban merupakan kelompok politik dan militer yang berideologi fundamentalis Sunni Islam, didirikan pada awal 1990-an. Kembalinya Taliban ke kekuasaan di Afghanistan pada 2021 telah menimbulkan dampak signifikan terhadap stabilitas keamanan regional di Asia Selatan dan Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini mengkaji implikasi rezim Taliban terhadap perkembangan terorisme transnasional menggunakan pendekatan Critical Terrorism Studies. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa hubungan ambigu Taliban dengan jaringan teroris global telah memicu peningkatan aktivitas kelompok militan di Pakistan serta revitalisasi gerakan radikal di Asia Tenggara, termasuk kelompok Abu Sayyaf di Filipina dan jaringan teror di Indonesia. Tantangan utama meliputi potensi penyebaran pengaruh ke wilayah perbatasan yang rentan dan keterbatasan mekanisme keamanan kolektif regional. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kerjasama intelijen lintas negara, pendekatan deradikalisasi berbasis masyarakat, serta upaya diplomatik untuk mendorong Taliban memenuhi komitmen internasional. Temuan menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan komprehensif yang mengintegrasikan aspek keamanan dengan strategi kontra-radikalisasi untuk menghadapi ancaman terorisme pasca-Taliban.

The Taliban is a military and political organization characterized by a fundamentalist Sunni Islamic belief system, established in the early 1990s. The Taliban's resurgence in Afghanistan in 2021 has profoundly affected the security landscape in South and Southeast Asia. This study explores the effects of the Taliban's rule on the rise of transnational terrorism by utilizing the Critical Terrorism Studies framework. The results indicate that the Taliban's unclear association with international terrorist organizations has led to a surge in militant activities in Pakistan and a revival of extremist movements in Southeast Asia. This includes groups such as Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines and various terrorist networks operating in Indonesia. Significant obstacles consist of the risk of expanding influence into fragile border areas and the weaknesses of regional security collaborations. The study suggests enhancing intelligence sharing, adopting a community-focused deradicalization method, and promoting diplomatic initiatives to urge the Taliban to meet their international obligations. The conclusions highlight the necessity of a holistic strategy that combines security measures with counter-radicalization efforts to tackle the dangers posed by terrorism in the post-Taliban era.