Transformasi CSR menjadi Strategi Keberlanjutan Korporasi di Abad ke-21
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Abstract
Praktik Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) telah mengalami perkembangan signifikan dari sekadar aktivitas filantropi menuju integrasi strategis dalam model bisnis perusahaan. Perubahan ini didorong oleh meningkatnya tuntutan pemangku kepentingan, regulasi yang lebih ketat, dan urgensi isu keberlanjutan global. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis transformasi CSR menjadi strategi keberlanjutan korporasi di abad ke-21, dengan menekankan pergeseran paradigma dari tanggung jawab sosial bersifat reaktif menuju pendekatan proaktif yang terintegrasi dengan tujuan bisnis jangka panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi pustaka yang memadukan analisis literatur akademik, dokumen kebijakan, dan laporan keberlanjutan perusahaan berskala nasional maupun multinasional. Data dianalisis menggunakan kerangka triple bottom line (TBL) dan shared value untuk mengidentifikasi pola integrasi CSR dengan strategi korporasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi CSR dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor utama: (1) orientasi bisnis berkelanjutan yang menekankan keseimbangan antara keuntungan, kepedulian sosial, dan kelestarian lingkungan; (2) inovasi model bisnis yang menginternalisasi prinsip keberlanjutan; serta (3) keterlibatan aktif pemangku kepentingan dalam proses perencanaan dan evaluasi program. Diskusi menegaskan bahwa CSR yang diintegrasikan ke dalam strategi keberlanjutan korporasi bukan hanya meningkatkan citra perusahaan, tetapi juga menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif jangka panjang. Implikasi penelitian ini menggarisbawahi perlunya kerangka regulasi dan panduan implementasi yang lebih adaptif terhadap dinamika global agar perusahaan di Indonesia dapat mengoptimalkan peran CSR dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan (Sustainable Development Goals).
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