PERLINDUNGAN HAK CIPTA TERHADAP PEMEGANG HAK CIPTA APLIKASI YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN SECARA ILEGAL DI INTERNET

Abstract

Perkembangan internet telah mempermudah distribusi karya digital, termasuk aplikasi, namun juga memicu maraknya pelanggaran hak cipta. Aplikasi digital sebagai program komputer memiliki perlindungan hukum berdasarkan UU No. 28 Tahun 2014, namun realitanya banyak aplikasi dimodifikasi (modded) dan diperjualbelikan tanpa izin pencipta melalui forum, situs tidak resmi, hingga media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji bentuk pelanggaran dan efektivitas perlindungan hak cipta terhadap aplikasi digital yang diperjualbelikan secara ilegal di internet. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan pendekatan kualitatif, menganalisis data dari berbagai jurnal, buku, dan dokumen hukum. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hukum telah mengatur hak eksklusif pencipta, penegakan masih lemah karena kompleksitas teknis, anonimitas pelaku, dan keterbatasan yurisdiksi. Upaya teknis seperti enkripsi dan lisensi digital juga belum sepenuhnya efektif mencegah pembajakan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan sinergi antara perlindungan hukum, peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat, serta pemanfaatan teknologi seperti Content ID dan blockchain untuk memperkuat perlindungan hak cipta. Kajian ini diharapkan menjadi kontribusi bagi pengembangan kebijakan dan strategi penegakan hukum yang lebih adaptif terhadap era digital.

Kata kunci: hak cipta, aplikasi digital, pembajakan, internet, perlindungan hukum.

Abstract

The development of the internet has made it easier to distribute digital works, including applications, but it has also triggered rampant copyright infringement. Digital applications as computer programs have legal protection based on Law No. 28 of 2014, but the reality is that many applications are modified (modded) and traded without the creator's permission through forums, unofficial websites, and social media. This study aims to examine the form of infringement and effectiveness of copyright protection against digital applications that are illegally traded on the internet. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach, analyzing data from various journals, books, and legal documents. The results show that although the law has regulated the exclusive rights of creators, enforcement is still weak due to technical complexity, anonymity of the perpetrators, and jurisdictional limitations. Technical efforts such as encryption and digital licensing have also not been fully effective in preventing piracy. This study concludes that synergy is needed between legal protection, increasing public awareness, and the use of technologies such as Content ID and blockchain to strengthen copyright protection. This study is expected to contribute to the development of law enforcement policies and strategies that are more adaptive to the digital era.

Keywords: copyright, digital applications, piracy, internet, legal protection.