GAMBARAN PELAKSANAAN SISTEM KEWASPADAAN DINI DAN RESPON DALAM DETEKSI DINI KEJADIAN LUAR BIASA DI KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN RI TAHUN 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Advances in transportation technology have made mobility extremely high and fast. Indonesia still faces the challenge of triple-burden diseases, which requires a strong surveillance system. The Indonesian Ministry of Health has developed an early warning and response system in line with the 2005 IHR to detect threats of extraordinary events. Purpose: The implementation of EWARS in the early detection of extraordinary events at the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2025 is known. Method: Qualitative research using secondary data from the EWARS website and primary data through in-depth interviews with five informants. The research was conducted at the Tim Kerja Surveilans and the PHEOC Division of the Indonesian Ministry of Health from November 2024 to June 2025. Result: Adequate human resources, funds, SOPs, guidelines, and infrastructure are available. Passive and active collection of EWARS case data, routine daily and weekly processing of EWARS case data, descriptive analysis of EWARS case data followed by interpretation in the form of reports, no dissemination to the general public, clear communication flow for feedback. There has been a decrease in the alert response indicator <24 hours, and the achievement of target indicators in the expanded area remains low. Conclusion: The implementation of EWARS at the Indonesian Ministry of Health has been quite good in terms of input, process, output, and feedback. However, there are still some obstacles in the field, so several aspects need to be developed.

Latar Belakang: Kemajuan teknologi transportasi membuat mobilitas menjadi sangat tinggi dan cepat. Indonesia masih dihadapkan tantangan triple-burden diseases sehingga membutuhkan sistem surveilans yang kuat. Kemenkes RI mengembangkan sistem kewaspadaan dini dan respon yang sejalan dengan IHR 2005 untuk mendeteksi ancaman KLB. Tujuan: Diketahui gambaran pelaksanaan SKDR dalam deteksi dini KLB di Kemenkes RI Tahun 2025. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder dari website SKDR dan data primer melalui wawancara secara in depth kepada 5 informan. Penelitian dilakukan di Tim Kerja Surveilans Kewaspadaaan Dini dan Divisi PHEOC Kemenkes RI pada November 2024 sampai Juni 2025. Hasil: Tersedia SDM, dana, SOP, pedoman, dan sarana prasarana yang memadai. Pengumpulan data kasus SKDR secara pasif dan aktif, pengolahan data kasus SKDR rutin setiap hari dan setiap minggu, analisa data kasus SKDR umumnya secara deskriptif kemudian diinterpretasikan dalam bentuk laporan, belum terdapat diseminasi untuk orang awam, Alur komunikasi pemberian feedback jelas. Terjadi penurunan indikator respon alert <24 jam dan capaian target indikator di wilayah pemekaran masih rendah. Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan SKDR di KEMENKES RI sudah cukup baik dilihat dari komponen input, process, output, dan feedback. Namun, masih terdapat sedikit kendala di lapangan sehingga beberapa aspek perlu dikembangkan.