REDEFINISI KEDAULATAN DI ERA DIGITAL: KEAMANAN SIBER,TATA KELOLA DATA, DAN OTONOMI REGIONAL DI ASIA TENGGARA

Abstract

Era digital telah membawa perubahan signifikan terhadap konsep kedaulatan konvensional, di mana batasan geografis tidak lagi menjadi penghalang bagi aliran informasi dan data. Kedaulatan digital muncul sebagai respons terhadap tantangan ini, menekankan pentingnya penguasaan data, infrastruktur teknologi, dan keamanan siber. Di kawasan Asia Tenggara, tantangan ini semakin kompleks akibat disparitas kapasitas teknologi dan regulasi di antara negara-negara anggotanya, serta ketergantungan yang tinggi pada perusahaan teknologi asing. Ancaman dari serangan siber dan manipulasi informasi juga semakin meningkat, yang dapat merusak stabilitas politik dan sosial. Meskipun ASEAN telah meluncurkan beberapa inisiatif untuk membangun kerangka kerja digital yang terkoordinasi, implementasinya masih menghadapi banyak hambatan, termasuk perbedaan kepentingan politik dan kapasitas teknis antarnegara. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya nyata untuk meningkatkan kapasitas digital, harmonisasi regulasi, dan edukasi masyarakat tentang kedaulatan digital. Dengan pendekatan kolaboratif dan komprehensif, kedaulatan digital dapat menjadi agenda bersama yang menjamin masa depan kawasan Asia Tenggara di era digital.

The digital era has brought significant changes to the conventional concept of sovereignty, where geographical boundaries are no longer a barrier to the flow of information and data. Digital sovereignty has emerged as a response to these challenges, emphasizing the importance of data control, technological infrastructure, and cybersecurity. In Southeast Asia, these challenges are further complicated by disparities in technological capacity and regulation among member countries, as well as a high dependence on foreign technology companies. The threats from cyberattacks and information manipulation are also increasing, potentially undermining political and social stability. Although ASEAN has launched several initiatives to establish a coordinated digital governance framework, implementation still faces numerous obstacles, including differing political interests and technical capacities among countries. Therefore, there is a pressing need for concrete efforts to enhance digital capacity, harmonize regulations, and educate the public about digital sovereignty. With a collaborative and comprehensive approach, digital sovereignty can become a shared agenda that ensures the future of Southeast Asia in the digital era.