ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP PENERAPAN JAM KERJA FLEKSIBEL DI SEKTOR INDUSTRI PASCAPANDEMI COVID-19

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced various industrial sectors to change conventional work patterns to be more adaptive to crisis conditions, including in terms of setting working hours. One approach that has emerged and is increasingly popular is the implementation of flexible working hours (flexible working hours). This study aims to legally analyze the implementation of a flexible work system in the post-pandemic industrial sector, by reviewing its compliance with national labor regulations, especially Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower and its derivative regulations, as well as the principles of international labor law. The research method used is normative with a statutory regulatory approach and case studies of several industrial companies in Indonesia that have implemented flexible work schemes. The results of the study show that although not explicitly regulated in the law, the implementation of flexible working hours is acceptable as long as it meets the principles of justice, mutual agreement, and does not violate basic workers' rights. However, there is a need for more specific regulations to ensure legal certainty and balanced protection between the interests of workers and employers. This study recommends innovations in labor regulations that are responsive to the dynamics of the modern world of work, especially in facing the era of industry 4.0 and the post-global health crisis.

Pandemi COVID-19 telah memaksa berbagai sektor industri untuk mengubah pola kerja konvensional menjadi lebih adaptif terhadap kondisi krisis, termasuk dalam hal pengaturan jam kerja. Salah satu pendekatan yang muncul dan semakin populer adalah penerapan jam kerja fleksibel (flexible working hours). Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara yuridis penerapan sistem kerja fleksibel di sektor industri pascapandemi, dengan meninjau kesesuaiannya terhadap regulasi ketenagakerjaan nasional, khususnya Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan regulasi turunannya, serta prinsip-prinsip hukum perburuhan internasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan studi kasus terhadap beberapa perusahaan industri di Indonesia yang telah menerapkan skema kerja fleksibel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun tidak secara eksplisit diatur dalam undang-undang, penerapan jam kerja fleksibel dapat diterima sepanjang memenuhi prinsip keadilan, kesepakatan bersama, dan tidak melanggar hak dasar pekerja. Namun demikian, terdapat kebutuhan akan regulasi yang lebih spesifik guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan yang seimbang antara kepentingan pekerja dan pengusaha. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pembaruan regulasi ketenagakerjaan yang responsif terhadap dinamika dunia kerja modern, khususnya dalam menghadapi era industri 4.0 dan pascakrisis kesehatan global.