ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DENGAN PENERAPAN TEKNIK SLOW STROKE BACK MASSAGE (SSBM) PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DENGAN MASALAH KEPERAWATAN NYERI AKUT DI RUANGAN KENANGA I RSUD ARIFIN ACHMAD PROVINSI RIAU

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in blood pressure. Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is over 140/90 mmHg. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023, approximately 1.28 billion people worldwide aged 30-79 are estimated to suffer from hypertension. One of the signs and symptoms of hypertension is headaches. Headaches in hypertension are caused by the narrowing of blood vessels. When the supply of oxygen decreases and carbon dioxide increases, anaerobic metabolism occurs in the body, which increases lactic acid and stimulates pain sensitivity in the brain's capillaries. Headaches are caused by deposits in the blood vessels and arteriosclerosis that reduce the elasticity of the blood vessels. Treatment for hypertensive patients may include pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy, with non-pharmacological approaches including techniques such as cutaneous stimulation or slow stroke back massage (SSBM). SSBM is a massage that provides stimulation to the skin with pressure on the back area. The method of implementation is a case study, with data collection techniques through observation and interviews regarding pain levels. The Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM) technique was administered only once to 2 patients. Patient I was treated on May 15, 2025, and Patient II on May 17, 2025, with a duration of 10 minutes. For Patient I, before the application of SSBM, a pain scale of 4 was recorded, and afterward, it decreased to 3. For Patient II, before the application of SSBM, a pain scale of 4 was also noted, and after the application, the pain scale decreased to 3 as well. It can be concluded that the non-pharmacological therapy of Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM) is effective in reducing headaches in hypertensive patients